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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/bitset.html" title="cpp/utility/bitset"><span class="t-lines"><span>bitset</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/rel_ops/operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/utility/rel ops/operator cmp"><span class="t-lines"><span>rel_ops::operator!=</span><span>rel_ops::operator&gt;</span><span>rel_ops::operator&lt;=</span><span>rel_ops::operator&gt;=</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<div><a href="utility/move.html" title="cpp/utility/move"><span class="t-lines"><span>move</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<p>C++ includes a variety of utility libraries that provide functionality ranging from <a href="utility/bitset.html" title="cpp/utility/bitset">bit-counting</a> to <a href="utility/functional/bind.html" title="cpp/utility/functional/bind">partial function application</a>. These libraries can be broadly divided into two groups: 
</p>
<ul>
<li> language support libraries, and
</li>
<li> general-purpose libraries.
</li>
</ul>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td>
<div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1">
<a href="utility.html%23Language_support"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Language support</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="utility.html%23Type_support"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Type support</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="utility.html%23Dynamic_memory_management"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Dynamic memory management</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="utility.html%23Error_handling"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Error handling</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="utility.html%23Initializer_lists"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Initializer lists</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="utility.html%23Variadic_functions"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Variadic functions</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7">
<a href="utility.html%23General-purpose_utilities"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">General-purpose utilities</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="utility.html%23Program_utilities"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Program utilities</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="utility.html%23Date_and_time"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Date and time</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="utility.html%23Bitset"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Bitset</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="utility.html%23Function_objects"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Function objects</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="utility.html%23Pairs_and_tuples"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Pairs and tuples</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="utility.html%23Swap.2C_forward_and_move"><span class="tocnumber">2.6</span> <span class="toctext">Swap, forward and move</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="utility.html%23Relational_operators"><span class="tocnumber">2.7</span> <span class="toctext">Relational operators</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="utility.html%23Hash_support"><span class="tocnumber">2.8</span> <span class="toctext">Hash support</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h2>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Language support">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Language_support">Language support</span>
</h2>
<p>Language support libraries provide classes and functions that interact closely with language features and support common language idioms.
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Type support">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Type_support"><a href="types.html" title="cpp/types">Type support</a></span>
</h3>
<p>Basic types (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="types/size_t.html" title="cpp/types/size t">std::size_t</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="types/nullptr_t.html" title="cpp/types/nullptr t">std::nullptr_t</a></span>), RTTI (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="types/type_info.html" title="cpp/types/type info">std::type_info</a></span>), type traits (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="types/is_integral.html" title="cpp/types/is integral">std::is_integral</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="types/rank.html" title="cpp/types/rank">std::rank</a></span>)
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Dynamic memory management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Dynamic_memory_management"><a href="memory.html" title="cpp/memory">Dynamic memory management</a></span>
</h3>
<p>Smart pointers (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="memory/shared_ptr.html" title="cpp/memory/shared ptr">std::shared_ptr</a></span>), allocators (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="memory/allocator.html" title="cpp/memory/allocator">std::allocator</a></span>), C-style memory management (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="memory/c/malloc.html" title="cpp/memory/c/malloc">std::malloc</a></span>)
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Error handling">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Error_handling"><a href="error.html" title="cpp/error">Error handling</a></span>
</h3>
<p>Exceptions (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/exception.html" title="cpp/error/exception">std::exception</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/logic_error/logic_error.html" title="cpp/error/logic error">std::logic_error</a></span>), assertions (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/assert.html" title="cpp/error/assert">assert</a></span>)
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Initializer lists">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Initializer_lists">Initializer lists</span>
</h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-sep">
<td colspan="2">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="utility/initializer_list.html" title="cpp/utility/initializer list"> <span class="t-lines"><span>initializer_list</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
</td>
<td>   allows the use of <a href="language/initializer_list.html" title="cpp/language/initializer list"> initializer list syntax</a> to initialize non plain-old-data types  <br> <span class="t-mark">(class template)</span> 
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Variadic functions">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Variadic_functions"><a href="utility/variadic.html" title="cpp/utility/variadic">Variadic functions</a></span>
</h3>
<p>Support for functions that take an arbitrary number of parameters (via e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/variadic/va_start.html" title="cpp/utility/variadic/va start">va_start</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/variadic/va_arg.html" title="cpp/utility/variadic/va arg">va_arg</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/variadic/va_end.html" title="cpp/utility/variadic/va end">va_end</a></span>)
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<h2>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: General-purpose utilities">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="General-purpose_utilities">General-purpose utilities</span>
</h2>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Program utilities">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Program_utilities"><a href="utility/program.html" title="cpp/utility/program"> Program utilities</a></span>
</h3>
<p>Termination (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/program/abort.html" title="cpp/utility/program/abort">std::abort</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/program/atexit.html" title="cpp/utility/program/atexit">std::atexit</a></span>), environment (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/program/system.html" title="cpp/utility/program/system">std::system</a></span>), signals (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/program/raise.html" title="cpp/utility/program/raise">std::raise</a></span>)
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Date and time">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Date_and_time"><a href="chrono.html" title="cpp/chrono">Date and time</a></span>
</h3>
<p>Time tracking (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="chrono/time_point.html" title="cpp/chrono/time point">std::chrono::time_point</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="chrono/duration.html" title="cpp/chrono/duration">std::chrono::duration</a></span>), C-style date and time (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="chrono/c/time.html" title="cpp/chrono/c/time">std::time</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="chrono/c/clock.html" title="cpp/chrono/c/clock">std::clock</a></span>)
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Bitset">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Bitset">Bitset</span>
</h3>
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="utility/bitset.html" title="cpp/utility/bitset"> <span class="t-lines"><span>bitset</span></span></a></div></div>
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<td>   implements constant length bit array <br> <span class="t-mark">(class)</span> 
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<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Function objects">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Function_objects"><a href="utility/functional.html" title="cpp/utility/functional">Function objects</a></span>
</h3>
<p>Partial function application (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/functional/bind.html" title="cpp/utility/functional/bind">std::bind</a></span>), generic functions (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/functional/function.html" title="cpp/utility/functional/function">std::function</a></span>), predefined functors (e.g. <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/functional/plus.html" title="cpp/utility/functional/plus">std::plus</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="utility/functional/equal_to.html" title="cpp/utility/functional/equal to">std::equal_to</a></span>)
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Pairs and tuples">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Pairs_and_tuples">Pairs and tuples</span>
</h3>
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="utility/pair.html" title="cpp/utility/pair"> <span class="t-lines"><span>pair</span></span></a></div></div>
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<td>   implements binary tuple, i.e. a pair of values <br> <span class="t-mark">(class template)</span> 
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="utility/tuple.html" title="cpp/utility/tuple"> <span class="t-lines"><span>tuple</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   implements fixed size container, which holds elements of possibly different types  <br> <span class="t-mark">(class template)</span> 
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="utility/piecewise_construct_t.html" title="cpp/utility/piecewise construct t"> <span class="t-lines"><span>piecewise_construct_t</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   tag type used to select correct function overload for piecewise construction  <br> <span class="t-mark">(class)</span> 
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="utility/piecewise_construct.html" title="cpp/utility/piecewise construct"> <span class="t-lines"><span>piecewise_construct</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   an object of type <code>piecewise_construct_t</code> used to disambiguate functions for piecewise construction  <br> <span class="t-mark">(constant)</span> 
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<div><a href="utility/integer_sequence.html" title="cpp/utility/integer sequence"> <span class="t-lines"><span>integer_sequence</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   implements compile-time sequence of integers  <br> <span class="t-mark">(class template)</span> 
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<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Swap, forward and move">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Swap.2C_forward_and_move">Swap, forward and move</span>
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="algorithm/swap.html" title="cpp/algorithm/swap"> <span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div></div>
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<td>   swaps the values of two objects  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function template)</span> 
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<div><a href="utility/exchange.html" title="cpp/utility/exchange"> <span class="t-lines"><span>exchange</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   replaces the argument with a new value and returns its previous value  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function template)</span> 
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<div><a href="utility/forward.html" title="cpp/utility/forward"> <span class="t-lines"><span>forward</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   forwards a function argument  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function template)</span> 
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<div><a href="utility/move.html" title="cpp/utility/move"> <span class="t-lines"><span>move</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   obtains an rvalue reference  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function template)</span> 
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="utility/move_if_noexcept.html" title="cpp/utility/move if noexcept"> <span class="t-lines"><span>move_if_noexcept</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   obtains an rvalue reference if the move constructor does not throw  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function template)</span> 
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<div><a href="utility/declval.html" title="cpp/utility/declval"> <span class="t-lines"><span>declval</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   obtains the type of expression in unevaluated context <br> <span class="t-mark">(function template)</span> 
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<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Relational operators">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Relational_operators">Relational operators</span>
</h3>
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<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in  namespace <code>std::rel_ops</code> </div>
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<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="utility/rel_ops/operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/utility/rel ops/operator cmp"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator!=</span><span>operator&gt;</span><span>operator&lt;=</span><span>operator&gt;=</span></span></a></div></div>
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<td>   automatically generates comparison operators based on user-defined <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy1">==</span></span></span> and <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy1">&lt;</span></span></span>  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function template)</span> 
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<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Hash support">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Hash_support">Hash support</span>
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<div><a href="utility/hash.html" title="cpp/utility/hash"> <span class="t-lines"><span>hash</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>   hash function object  <br> <span class="t-mark">(class template)</span> 
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